Krylov Danila Sergeevich – Researcher INION RAS Ostanin-Golovnya Vasily Dmitrievich – Researcher INION RAS
The article analyzes the features of democracy building in the states of the Arab East as a whole and on the examples of particular countries, taking into account the ethno-confessional, ideological and value specifics of this region. Within the framework of statistical, comparative and historical methods of research, as well as the method of system analysis and the ideological and value approach, the results of the «export of democracy» carried out by the countries of the «collective West» in the Middle East and North Africa in the late 20th and early 21st centuries are considered, using as an example the experience of four states: Tunisia, Libya, Egypt and Iraq. The results of social surveys conducted in the Arab East in 2021–2022 are analyzed. It is concluded that in the Arab countries there are no cases of successful building and long-term preservation of democracy. At the same time, traditional tribalism and clannishness continue to play a key role in public life even during the transition from an authoritarian form of government to a democratic one. In addition, in many Arab countries, the transition to democracy was carried out through revolution, which led to a serious weakening of the economic potential of these states, which, in turn, contributed to a new upsurge of revolutionary sentiments. The authors pay special attention to the religious factor, since Islam is not only the basis of the historical appearance of the region in question and the Arab-Muslim civilization as a whole, but also traditionally plays a crucial role in the socio-political processes in the Muslim East.
Arab East, Middle East, North Africa, democracy, non- Western democracy, Islamic democracy, ideological and value-based approach.
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